Pan-Africanism

Pan-Africanism is an ideological and political movement, first aimed at uniting Africans to combat racial oppression (late 19th - early 20th century); since the 1950s - a movement for the liberation of all the peoples of Africa, the unification of liberation forces in the fight against  and.

19th century
Pan-Africanism began to take shape at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries. at the initiative of Black intellectuals from the  United States and the West Indies, who demanded an end to racial discrimination and the granting of civil and political rights to black people.

The foundations of modern pan-Africanism were laid by the 5th Pan-African Congress in Manchester, 1945). People like  William Du Bois,  Kwame Nkrumah,  Nnamdi Azikiwe,  Jomo Kenyatta and other figures of the African liberation movement all took an active part. The Manchester Congress outlined a practical program for the political liberation of Africa. By setting the task of liberating all the peoples of Africa, regardless of their racial affiliation, the pan-African movement contributed to the general rise of the liberation struggle on the African continent. After the conquest of political independence by most African countries, the pan-African idea began to be embodied in the establishment of comprehensive inter-African ties and in the support of movements seeking the elimination of colonial and racist regimes.

After African countries gained independence, pan-Africanism was associated with the idea developed by the first president of Ghana Kwame Nkrumah in the 1960s, in order to create a single state on the African continent - the United States of Africa. After his death in 1972, Lybian ruler  assumed the mantle of leader of the Pan-Africanist movement and became the most outspoken advocate of African Unity.

There are two flags used to represent this movement: Green-Yellow-Red, based off the Rastafari movement colors of  Ethiopian flag (many independent states have adopted this color scheme, seeing as Ethiopia was the only uncolonized African country), and  Red-Black-Green which is rather a flag of  than Pan-African movement.

20th century
(WIP)